How do I convert a number to Roman numerals?

Type any whole number from 1 to 3,999,999 and the Roman numeral appears instantly, built from thousands, hundreds, tens and ones. Above 3,999 the thousands get a bar over the letters.

How do I convert Roman numerals back to numbers?

Type the numeral in the Roman numeral box, for example MMXXVI. A smaller letter before a larger one is subtracted (IV, IX, XL, CM); otherwise letters are added. MMXXVI = 2026.

How do I write a date or year in Roman numerals?

Use the date boxes and pick your order, such as Month.Day.Year (US), and a separator: dot, middle dot, slash, hyphen or space. Each part is converted separately, so 7.4.1776 becomes VII.IV.MDCCLXXVI, a form popular for tattoos, weddings and anniversaries. Dates need a year from 1 to 3,999.

How do I write numbers above 3,999 in Roman numerals?

Put a bar (a vinculum) over the letters: a bar multiplies by 1,000, so V with a bar is 5,000 and I V with bars is 4,000. This converter goes up to 3,999,999 and shows the bar over the letters; when you copy, the bar is the Unicode combining overline. To type a barred numeral, put the barred group in brackets, such as (V) for 5,000 or (XII)CCCXLV for 12,345. Without bars, MMMCMXCIX (3,999) is the largest value, because no letter is bigger than M and a letter repeats at most three times.

How do I see the working for a Roman numeral?

Under the result, open How 1,994 is written (for example). It splits the number by place, thousands, hundreds, tens and ones, so 1994 = M + CM + XC + IV, and joins the pieces. A reference table of 1 to 100 and of the years 1950 to 2050 sits below it; copying or downloading it uses one of your trial uses for the visit.

How do you write 2026 in Roman numerals?

MMXXVI: MM (2000) + XX (20) + VI (6). Type 2026 in the number box to see the same working.

How do you write 4 in Roman numerals?

IV, one less than five. IIII is only seen on some clock faces; the converter reads it and tells you the standard form is IV.

What is the largest Roman numeral?

In standard form it is 3,999, MMMCMXCIX. A bar over a letter multiplies it by 1,000, and this converter goes up to 3,999,999 that way.

Is there a zero in Roman numerals?

No. The Roman system has no symbol for zero, so 0 and negative numbers cannot be converted.

Is what I type sent anywhere?

No. The conversion runs entirely in your browser and nothing is uploaded.

Home/Converters & Calculators/Roman Numeral Converter

Roman Numeral Converter — Numbers, Years and Dates

Convert between numbers and Roman numerals

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Number → Roman Numeral

MMXXVI

Roman Numeral → Number

2026

Date → Roman numerals (day, month, year)

V.XI.MMXXVI

Day.Month.YearMonth.Day.Year (US)

SeparatorDots are the usual style; tattoos and certificates often use a middle dot or a slash.

Plain letters cover 1 to 3,999. Larger numbers, up to 3,999,999, put a bar over the thousands (V with a bar is 5,000). Dates use years 1 to 3,999.

How 2,026 is written

1. thousands: 2,000
2,000 is written MM
Using value = 2,000
Result: MM
2. tens: 20
20 is written XX
Using value = 20
Result: XX
3. ones: 6
6 is written VI
Using value = 6
Result: VI
4. Join the pieces
Write the pieces from the largest place to the smallest
Using pieces = MM + XX + VI
Result: MMXXVI

Roman numerals chart 1–100 and key years

Roman numerals, 1 to 100

Numbers 1 to 100 with their Roman numerals
1 to 25		26 to 50		51 to 75		76 to 100
1	I	26	XXVI	51	LI	76	LXXVI
2	II	27	XXVII	52	LII	77	LXXVII
3	III	28	XXVIII	53	LIII	78	LXXVIII
4	IV	29	XXIX	54	LIV	79	LXXIX
5	V	30	XXX	55	LV	80	LXXX
6	VI	31	XXXI	56	LVI	81	LXXXI
7	VII	32	XXXII	57	LVII	82	LXXXII
8	VIII	33	XXXIII	58	LVIII	83	LXXXIII
9	IX	34	XXXIV	59	LIX	84	LXXXIV
10	X	35	XXXV	60	LX	85	LXXXV
11	XI	36	XXXVI	61	LXI	86	LXXXVI
12	XII	37	XXXVII	62	LXII	87	LXXXVII
13	XIII	38	XXXVIII	63	LXIII	88	LXXXVIII
14	XIV	39	XXXIX	64	LXIV	89	LXXXIX
15	XV	40	XL	65	LXV	90	XC
16	XVI	41	XLI	66	LXVI	91	XCI
17	XVII	42	XLII	67	LXVII	92	XCII
18	XVIII	43	XLIII	68	LXVIII	93	XCIII
19	XIX	44	XLIV	69	LXIX	94	XCIV
20	XX	45	XLV	70	LXX	95	XCV
21	XXI	46	XLVI	71	LXXI	96	XCVI
22	XXII	47	XLVII	72	LXXII	97	XCVII
23	XXIII	48	XLVIII	73	LXXIII	98	XCVIII
24	XXIV	49	XLIX	74	LXXIV	99	XCIX
25	XXV	50	L	75	LXXV	100	C

How to convert a number to Roman numerals

Seven letters do all the work: I = 1, V = 5, X = 10, L = 50, C = 100, D = 500 and M = 1,000. Split the number into thousands, hundreds, tens and ones, write each part, and join them. Six pairs are written by subtraction: IV = 4, IX = 9, XL = 40, XC = 90, CD = 400 and CM = 900.

Example: 1994 = M + CM + XC + IV, which is MCMXCIV. And 2026 = MM + XX + VI, which is MMXXVI. The converter above shows this working for any number you type.

Why IIII and IC are wrong

Standard numerals never write I, X or C more than three times in a row, so 4 is IV, not IIII. IIII is a clock-face tradition, so the converter reads it and says so, but the standard form is IV.

Only I (before V or X), X (before L or C) and C (before D or M) can be subtracted. So 99 is XCIX, not IC; 49 is XLIX, not IL; and 999 is CMXCIX, not IM. V, L and D are never repeated or subtracted.

Dates in Roman numerals (wedding, tattoo)

Convert the day, month and year one by one and join them with a separator. 14 June 2026 is XIV.VI.MMXXVI (day.month.year), or VI.XIV.MMXXVI in US order; 4 July 1776 is VII.IV.MDCCLXXVI. Dots are the usual style, and a middle dot or slash is common on tattoos and certificates. Use the date boxes above; the year must be from 1 to 3,999.

About Roman Numeral Converter

Converts numbers to Roman numerals and Roman numerals back to regular numbers, in either direction.

Watch: Roman Numeral Converter in Action

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How do I convert a number to Roman numerals?: Type any whole number from 1 to 3,999,999 and the Roman numeral appears instantly, built from thousands, hundreds, tens and ones. Above 3,999 the thousands get a bar over the letters.
How do I convert Roman numerals back to numbers?: Type the numeral in the Roman numeral box, for example MMXXVI. A smaller letter before a larger one is subtracted (IV, IX, XL, CM); otherwise letters are added. MMXXVI = 2026.
How do I write a date or year in Roman numerals?: Use the date boxes and pick your order, such as Month.Day.Year (US), and a separator: dot, middle dot, slash, hyphen or space. Each part is converted separately, so 7.4.1776 becomes VII.IV.MDCCLXXVI, a form popular for tattoos, weddings and anniversaries. Dates need a year from 1 to 3,999.
How do I write numbers above 3,999 in Roman numerals?: Put a bar (a vinculum) over the letters: a bar multiplies by 1,000, so V with a bar is 5,000 and I V with bars is 4,000. This converter goes up to 3,999,999 and shows the bar over the letters; when you copy, the bar is the Unicode combining overline. To type a barred numeral, put the barred group in brackets, such as (V) for 5,000 or (XII)CCCXLV for 12,345. Without bars, MMMCMXCIX (3,999) is the largest value, because no letter is bigger than M and a letter repeats at most three times.
How do I see the working for a Roman numeral?: Under the result, open How 1,994 is written (for example). It splits the number by place, thousands, hundreds, tens and ones, so 1994 = M + CM + XC + IV, and joins the pieces. A reference table of 1 to 100 and of the years 1950 to 2050 sits below it; copying or downloading it uses one of your trial uses for the visit.
What do I, V, X, L, C, D and M stand for?: I = 1, V = 5, X = 10, L = 50, C = 100, D = 500 and M = 1,000.
How do you write 2026 in Roman numerals?: MMXXVI: MM (2000) + XX (20) + VI (6). Type 2026 in the number box to see the same working.
How do you write 4 in Roman numerals?: IV, one less than five. IIII is only seen on some clock faces; the converter reads it and tells you the standard form is IV.
What is the largest Roman numeral?: In standard form it is 3,999, MMMCMXCIX. A bar over a letter multiplies it by 1,000, and this converter goes up to 3,999,999 that way.
Is there a zero in Roman numerals?: No. The Roman system has no symbol for zero, so 0 and negative numbers cannot be converted.
Is what I type sent anywhere?: No. The conversion runs entirely in your browser and nothing is uploaded.